The Science of Hurricanes
Hurricanes are powerful tropical storms that form over warm ocean waters, typically between 5° and 20° latitude, where the water temperature exceeds 26°C (79°F). These storms are fueled by heat and moisture from the ocean, which causes the air to rise and create a low-pressure system. As air rushes in to fill the low-pressure area, the rotation of the Earth causes the storm to spin, forming a cyclone.
The core of a hurricane, known as the "eye," is an area of calm, but the surrounding "eye wall" contains the storm's most intense winds and rainfall. Hurricanes are classified on the Saffir-Simpson scale, ranging from Category 1 (the weakest) to Category 5 (the most severe), based on wind speed and potential damage.
Several factors influence the formation and intensity of hurricanes, including sea surface temperatures, atmospheric moisture, and wind patterns. As climate change raises ocean temperatures, the frequency and intensity of hurricanes are expected to increase. Scientists use satellites, weather radars, and computer models to predict hurricane paths and intensity, which helps in preparing for potential landfalls. Despite advances in forecasting, hurricanes remain unpredictable, and their destructive power makes them a significant global threat, especially to coastal communities.
0 Comments